🏠 Homepage 📘 Download PDF Books 📕 Premium PDF Books

Types Of Research Quiz 48 (10 MCQs)

This set of multiple-choice questions evaluates comparative analysis, group comparison, and outcome differences. It covers various types of research, including causal-comparative design, action research, and participatory research. The material assesses fundamental knowledge of research methodologies, purposes, and designs, such as longitudinal studies, qualitative research, and community-based interventions.

Quiz Instructions

Select an option to see the correct answer instantly.

1. What is NOT the feature that Burns was shown in action research?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Big-scale.

Exam Relevance: GRE, GMAT, Research Methodology Exams, Educational Research Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Action research is characterized by its evaluative, reflective, and participatory nature. It is typically conducted on a smaller scale, often within a specific context or setting, and involves active participation of the researcher and participants.

Common Mistakes: A common misunderstanding is that action research can be conducted on a large scale. However, action research is generally focused on smaller, more manageable settings to allow for detailed reflection and evaluation.

Explanations: Action research is known for its evaluative, reflective, and participatory features. It is designed to be conducted in a specific context, often involving a small group of participants. The nature of action research is to be iterative and focused on practical problem-solving within a limited scope, rather than large-scale implementation.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Evaluative - Action research involves evaluating the effectiveness of interventions and strategies.
Option B: Reflective - Action research includes a reflective component where participants and researchers reflect on the process and outcomes.
Option C: Participatory - Action research is participatory, involving active engagement from all participants in the research process.
Option D: Big-scale - Action research is not typically conducted on a large scale, making this the correct answer.

2. The study over a long period of time using the same group of people is called what?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Longitudinal study.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, GRE Psychology, MCAT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: A longitudinal study involves repeated observations of the same variables over long periods of time.

Common Mistakes: A common mistake is confusing a longitudinal study with a cross-sectional study, which examines different individuals at a single point in time.

Explanations: A longitudinal study is the correct answer because it specifically refers to a research design that follows the same group of people over an extended period. This type of study allows researchers to observe changes and developments over time, providing insights into how variables evolve and interact over the long term.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. A longitudinal study involves repeated observations of the same group over time.
Option B: Incorrect. A case study typically involves an in-depth examination of a single individual, group, or event.
Option C: Incorrect. A survey is a method of collecting data from a sample of individuals at a single point in time.
Option D: Incorrect. A cross-sectional study examines different individuals at a single point in time, not over an extended period.

3. Assume that you are requested to make research regarding how to improve the policy of an organization.This research is:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Action research.

Exam Relevance: MBA exams, Public Administration exams, Organizational Behavior exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Action research is a type of research that involves a systematic process of inquiry aimed at solving practical problems and improving practices within an organization. It is often conducted by practitioners who are directly involved in the situation being studied.

Common Mistakes: A common misunderstanding is that action research is only about theoretical knowledge, but it is actually focused on practical application and improvement.

Explanations: Action research is the most appropriate choice because it involves a systematic process of inquiry aimed at solving practical problems and improving practices within an organization. The goal of action research is to improve the policy of the organization by directly involving practitioners in the research process, making it a practical and iterative approach.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Action research is the correct choice as it involves practitioners directly in the research process to improve organizational practices.
Option B: Applied research focuses on solving practical problems but does not necessarily involve the direct involvement of practitioners in the research process.
Option C: Basic research aims to expand knowledge and understanding but does not focus on immediate practical applications or improvements.
Option D: Historical analysis involves studying past events and trends but does not focus on current practical improvements or policy changes.

4. Longitudinal research

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Studies the same people at different times in their lives.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, GRE Psychology, MCAT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Longitudinal research involves studying the same individuals over an extended period to observe changes and developments over time.

Common Mistakes: A common misunderstanding is confusing longitudinal research with cross-sectional research, which compares different groups of people at a single point in time.

Explanations: Longitudinal research focuses on the same individuals over time, allowing researchers to track changes and developments within the same subjects. This method provides insights into how variables evolve over time and can help identify causal relationships.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This describes cross-sectional research, not longitudinal research.
Option B: This is the correct definition of longitudinal research.
Option C: Longitudinal research does not necessarily involve a larger sample size compared to cross-sectional research.
Option D: Longitudinal research does not necessarily involve a smaller sample size compared to cross-sectional research.

5. Classification of research by purpose

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) All of the above.

Exam Relevance: GRE, GMAT, Research Methodology Exams, PhD Qualifying Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Research can be classified based on its purpose into different types, including pure research, applied research, and action research.

Common Mistakes: A common misunderstanding is to think that only one type of research exists or that these types are mutually exclusive.

Explanations: Pure research aims to expand knowledge and understanding without immediate practical application. Applied research focuses on solving specific problems or addressing practical issues. Action research involves the researcher working with a community to solve a problem and improve practice. Since all three types are valid classifications of research based on purpose, the correct answer is "All of the above."

Option Analysis:

Option A: Pure Research is a valid type of research based on its purpose to expand knowledge.
Option B: Applied Research is a valid type of research based on its purpose to solve specific problems.
Option C: Action Research is a valid type of research based on its purpose to improve practice through community involvement.
Option D: All of the above is correct as it encompasses all three valid types of research based on their purposes.

6. Similar to qualitative research, researchers utilizing an action research approach typically focus on .....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Local problems.

Exam Relevance: PhD Qualifying Exams, Research Methodology Exams, Social Science Research Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Action research is a type of research that focuses on solving specific problems within a local context. It involves collaboration between researchers and participants to identify and address issues in a practical and immediate manner.

Common Mistakes: A common misunderstanding is that action research can address broad, national, or global problems. However, action research is typically more focused on local, immediate issues.

Explanations: Action research is characterized by its focus on local problems. This approach is designed to address specific issues within a particular community or organization, making it highly context-specific and practical. Researchers and participants work together to identify problems, develop solutions, and implement changes that can be observed and evaluated. This localized focus allows for more targeted and effective interventions.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Action research typically focuses on local problems.
Option B: Incorrect. National problems are too broad for the localized nature of action research.
Option C: Incorrect. Global problems are even broader and not the focus of action research.
Option D: Incorrect. This option is not applicable as the correct answer is provided.

7. Ethnography-

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Describing cultural characteristics of a group of people.

Exam Relevance: Anthropology exams, Sociology exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Ethnography is a research method that involves the detailed, systematic study of people and cultures. It focuses on understanding the cultural characteristics of a group of people by immersing the researcher in the group's environment.

Common Mistakes: A common misunderstanding is that ethnography is solely about describing individual instances or generating theories, rather than focusing on the cultural characteristics of a group.

Explanations: Ethnography is a qualitative research method that aims to describe and understand the cultural characteristics of a group of people. It involves detailed observation and immersion in the group's environment to gather rich, contextual data about their behaviors, beliefs, and social structures. This aligns with the description in option D.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This describes case studies, which focus on in-depth analysis of a single instance or individual, not ethnography.
Option B: This describes grounded theory, which involves inductively generating a theory from data, not ethnography.
Option C: While ethnography does involve describing lives and stories, the primary focus is on cultural characteristics, not just adding to understanding.
Option D: This correctly describes ethnography as a method that focuses on describing the cultural characteristics of a group of people.

8. Select a type of action research we reviewed.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Participatory.

Exam Relevance: Educational Research, Social Work Exams, Public Health Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Action research involves systematic inquiry conducted by practitioners to improve their practice. Participatory action research is a type where participants actively engage in the research process, often to address issues within their own community or organization.

Common Mistakes: A common misunderstanding is that action research is solely about implementing changes without involving the community or participants. Participatory action research emphasizes the involvement and empowerment of participants.

Explanations: Participatory action research is a type of action research where participants are actively involved in the research process. This approach aims to empower participants by involving them in the identification of problems, planning, implementation, and evaluation of solutions. It is particularly useful in contexts where community involvement and empowerment are critical.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Dynamic action research is not a standard term in the field of action research. It may refer to a flexible and adaptive approach, but it is not a widely recognized type.
Option B: Participatory action research is a recognized type of action research where participants are actively involved in the research process.
Option C: Spiral action research is not a standard term in the field of action research. It may refer to a cyclical process, but it is not a widely recognized type.
Option D: Simple action research is not a standard term in the field of action research. It may refer to a straightforward approach, but it is not a widely recognized type.

Mnemonic: PAR for People's Participation

9. Theoretical or pure research that generates tests is

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Basic research.

Exam Relevance: GRE, MCAT, PhD Qualifying Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Basic research, also known as pure research, is conducted to expand knowledge and understanding of a subject without immediate practical application. It often involves generating theories and tests to explore fundamental principles.

Common Mistakes: A common misunderstanding is that basic research is not valuable because it does not have immediate practical applications. However, it forms the foundation for applied research and technological advancements.

Explanations: Basic research is focused on generating new knowledge and understanding, often through the development of theories and tests. This type of research does not aim for immediate practical applications but rather seeks to expand the fundamental knowledge in a field.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Research is a broad term that encompasses all types of research, not specifically the theoretical or pure research that generates tests.
Option B: Clinical research is applied research that focuses on human subjects and is aimed at developing treatments and interventions, not generating fundamental theories.
Option C: Basic research is the correct answer as it is focused on generating new knowledge and theories without immediate practical applications.
Option D: Theory is a component of research but does not encompass the entire scope of theoretical or pure research that generates tests.

10. Level of Academic Achievement of Senior High Schools in Different Learning ModalitiesQuantitative Research Design: .....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Comparative or Causal-Comparative.

Exam Relevance: GRE, GMAT, Research Methods Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Comparative or Causal-Comparative research designs are used to compare different groups or conditions to identify differences in outcomes. In this case, the study aims to compare the academic achievement levels of senior high schools under different learning modalities.

Common Mistakes: A common mistake is confusing the design with a correlational study, which examines the relationship between variables without manipulating them.

Explanations: The research design is Comparative or Causal-Comparative because it involves comparing the academic achievement levels of senior high schools under different learning modalities. This design allows researchers to identify differences in outcomes between the groups, which is the primary objective of the study.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Comparative or Causal-Comparative design is appropriate for comparing different groups or conditions.
Option B: Incorrect. Descriptive Survey design is used to describe characteristics of a population, not to compare different groups.
Option C: Incorrect. Experimental design involves manipulating variables and assigning participants to different conditions, which is not indicated in the question.
Option D: Incorrect. Correlational design examines the relationship between variables without manipulating them, which does not fit the objective of comparing different learning modalities.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between basic and applied research?

Basic research aims to expand knowledge and understanding without immediate practical application, while applied research focuses on solving specific real-world problems.

How does longitudinal research differ from cross-sectional research?

Longitudinal research involves repeated observations of the same variables over long periods, whereas cross-sectional research examines variables at a single point in time.

What is the role of community involvement in participatory action research?

Community involvement is central to participatory action research, as it aims to empower community members to identify and address local problems through collaborative efforts.

Can you explain the purpose of comparative research?

Comparative research compares different groups or cultures to understand cultural characteristics, developmental changes, and other variables that may influence outcomes.

What is the significance of qualitative research in understanding cultural characteristics?

Qualitative research provides in-depth insights into cultural characteristics by exploring the meanings, beliefs, and behaviors of individuals within a culture through methods like ethnography.

🏠 Back to Homepage 📘 Download PDF Books 📕 Premium PDF Books